محمد قري – محرر
الزجل اللبناني هو أحد الفنون الشعبية العريقة في لبنان، يقوم على الشعر المغنى بإيقاعات موسيقية مميزة، ويشكل جزءًا حيويًا من التراث الثقافي اللبناني، مساهمًا في تعزيز الهوية الثقافية والحفاظ على التراث الغني للبلاد. ينتقل هذا الفن شفهيًا بين الأجيال عبر الشعراء والمغنين، ويُستغل في المناسبات الاجتماعية والثقافية كفرص لأدائه ونقله.
يمتاز الزجل اللبناني بأسلوبه البسيط والصادق، معبرًا عن المشاعر الإنسانية ومتناولًا موضوعات كالحب، الطبيعة، والقضايا الاجتماعية، مصحوبًا بألحان وإيقاعات موسيقية يعزفها على آلات تقليدية مثل العود والدربكة.
أصله يعود إلى العصر الجاهلي، وقد بدأ تدوينه بالقرن الخامس أو السادس. ابن قزمان كان من أوائل من دوّنوا الزجل، الذي انتشر لاحقًا في أنحاء العالم العربي، معكسًا الثقافات المحلية الشعبية. في لبنان، تعود بدايات الزجل المكتوب إلى القرن الثاني عشر الميلادي، ولا يزال الزجل محافظًا على حضوره خاصة في الأرياف.
بسبب أهميته الثقافية ودوره في تعزيز التماسك الاجتماعي، تم إدراج الزجل اللبناني ضمن قائمة التراث البشري غير المادي لليونسكو.هذا الإدراج يعكس تقديرًا عالميًا للزجل كفن شعبي يحمل قيمة كبيرة في توثيق ونقل التقاليد الثقافية والاجتماعية اللبنانية. الزجل اللبناني ليس فقط مجرد شعر أو موسيقى؛ بل هو نسيج ثقافي معقد يعبر عن الهوية الوطنية والتاريخ المشترك للشعب اللبناني.
مع تطور الأزمنة، مر الزجل بتحولات عديدة لكنه حافظ على جوهره، متأقلمًا مع العصر الحديث دون أن يفقد روحه التقليدية. الزجالون، أو شعراء الزجل، يُظهرون مهارة فائقة في الارتجال والأداء، وهم يقدرون على التفاعل مع جمهورهم بسلاسة، مما يضفي جوًا من الحميمية والتفاعل الحي بين الشاعر والجمهور.
تشمل مواضيع الزجل مختلف جوانب الحياة، وتتنوع من الإشادة بالجمال الطبيعي والحب والعلاقات الإنسانية، إلى التعليق على الأحداث الاجتماعية والسياسية، ما يجعله مرآة تعكس الواقع الاجتماعي والثقافي للبنان.
وبالرغم من تحديات العصر والتحولات الثقافية، يظل الزجل اللبناني فنًا حيًا يستمر بالنمو والتطور، محتفظًا بمكانته كعنصر أساسي في الفسيفساء الثقافية للبنان. تعليم ونقل الزجل من جيل إلى جيل يضمن استمراريته كتراث ثقافي حي، يجسد الروح اللبنانية ويعبر عن غنى وتنوع التراث الشعبي في لبنان.
من زجل العظماء:
إن بكيتي
الكون من أجلك بكي
وإن ضْحِكتي انْهزّ عرش المملكه
وكلّ شي ربي خَلَق لُطْف وجمال
أعطى البشر قيراط..
والباقي كلّو لِكِي
رشيد نخله
دقت على صدري وقالتلي: افتحو
تشوف قلبي ان كان بعدو مطرحو
وِانْ صَحّ ظني وشِفتلو عندك رفاقْ
بِسترجعو وما بْعود خلِّيك تلمحو
عبدالله غانم
تبسَّمتْ لْلمَيْ منها لْحالْها
قرَّبتْ حتى شوفْ شو فيه قْبالْها
تاري السَّمك بالمَيّ بيحبّ الحلو
وتْجمَّعو السَّمْكات حول خْيالها
طانيوس عبدو
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