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The Information Processing Factory

Feb 3, 2021 | 2020 ISSUE, RESEARCH

The Information Processing Factory

2020 ISSUE, RESEARCH

Written by Malek Succar

During the summer of 2019, CCE students Mariam Rakka and Rachid Karami worked on the Information Processing Factory (IPF), a research project undertaken by the University of California, Irvine (UCI) in collaboration with TUM Germany, as part of their internship. Encouraged by their UCI host Dr. Fadi Kurdahi, they decided to pursue what they started at UCI as their Final Year Project (FYP). This FYP expanded to include Aya Mouallem and Ali Harkous, under the supervision of Professors Dr. Rouwaida Kanj and Dr. Mazen Saghir.
The IPF is a self-aware hardware architecture that predicts potential hardware failures and accommodates for them before they occur. Such a system can be implemented in a pacemaker, for example, where it can significantly reduce the risk of sudden faulty behaviors or shutdowns, hence saving a patient’s life. The project was thus split into four parts, with each part being assigned to one student.

First, the circuit prioritizes the execution of certain functions to avoid any error in the operation of the device, which are the safety critical tasks. In contrast, in best effort situations, the circuit aims to optimize its performance via frequency modification or class migration. This decision making is achieved through the Learning Classifier Table, a self-aware machine learning block modeled by Ali.

The model is based on reinforcement learning that predicts the best action that needs to be taken, such that the proper functioning of the device is ensured. Secondly, based on the design the team is working on, 4 different processing units are needed to be connected in the IPF, using the Network on Chip (NoC). Implemented by Aya, NoC is a network-based communications system that makes sure both the safety critical and best effort tasks are being communicated, with a priority given to safety critical tasks. The network was further tested to make sure it could handle stress while evaluating different design alternatives and picking the optimal one. Moreover, in case a faulty behavior is detected in one of the processors, the presence of a monitoring unit is crucial to make sure the transfer of the tasks to another processor is achievable.
The Trace Abstraction Layer or TAL, developed by Mariam, keeps track of the data coming from the sensors of that chip and checks for any faults. For example, unusual heating of a certain hardware component could cause it to burn. Such events would be monitored during runtime and directly reported to TAL.

Finally, by managing the Computer Architecture aspect of the project, Rachid designed a single processor system booted with the Linux OS, which ensures that the system is operational for integration. The TAL monitoring unit would be connected to this processor, with the NoC assisting the communication between the cores.

 

The incorporation of all the parts together portrays a seamless automated system, mimicking the operations of a factory, which is evident in the project’s name. The team believes that the collaboration with other institutions adds another dimension by substantially benefitting from the researchers’ knowledge and expertise, which further contributes to the IPF project as a whole.

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